Located on the east side of Tiananmen Square in Beijing, the National Museum of China (NMC) is a four-story building with two symmetrical wings, running more than 300 meters north to south. It is the largest comprehensive museum in China which displays material and non-material collections and exhibits.

The NMC was reorganized in 2003 out of two separate museums that had already occupied the building—the former Museum of the Chinese Revolution established in 1959 and the former National Museum of Chinese History, which dates back to 1912. Between March 2007 and late 2010, the NMC underwent renovation work to triple its original size.

The NMC has rich collections covering Chinese history from the early Paleolithic Age to modern China. The museum's collection includes 1.06 million pieces, including famous fossil remains of the Yuanmou Man, the first hominidae found in China, who lived 1.7 million years ago, painted pottery and jade ware of the Neolithic Age, the largest bronze artifact in the world, porcelain, paintings and statues of Buddha. The museum's exhibits and depth of research are the best in China.