As a still developing country with a huge population, China has needed to overcome numerous challenges in the administration of its labor relations and social security over recent decades. Now, the accelerating emergence of new forms of employment is making the protection of labor rights a particularly and increasingly complex task.

Labor relations in China first became increasingly complex and diverse during the development of the socialist market economy, which began in the late 1970s. This system aims to combine the efficiency often characteristic of a market economy with equity associated with socialism. Since then, the government has formulated several laws and regulations to safeguard labor relations. Systems related to the protection of labor rights have also been improved, including medical insurance, pension insurance, unemployment insurance, work-related injury insurance and maternity insurance.

All of these mechanisms aim to ensure workers enjoy equal job opportunities, reasonable remuneration, safe working environments, social insurance and other welfare. The government has been enhancing the supervision and investigation of labor rights issues, cracking down on illegal employment practices. Protection of labor rights is not only a legal issue, but also a key factor for economic, social and political development, which is vital for the country's long-term prosperity.

In line with the principles of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, China participates in international labor affairs. It conducts exchanges and cooperation with international institutions including the International Labor Organization, the United Nations Development Program, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank, as well as with many other countries, playing a positive role in promoting employment, eradicating poverty and safeguarding workers' legitimate rights and interests.

Like other countries, China must work continuously to address new challenges in the protection of labor rights brought about by economic transformation and technological innovation. For instance, protection of workers in new employment forms such as food delivery workers and vloggers must be improved. Excessive overtime in some businesses also needs to be solved. In addressing these challenges, and the many others that will emerge in the future, China aims to create a safe, equitable and productive working environment that is conducive to its continued upward trajectory.